Intellectual Property (IP) Law

Intellectual Property (IP) Law in Bangladesh is the body of regulations designed to protect creations of the mind—such as inventions, literary and artistic works, designs, symbols, brand names, and confidential information. The core statutes include the Patents and Designs Act, 1911, the Trademark Act, 2009, the Copyright Act, 2000 (as amended), and several rules and circulars governing registration, renewal, enforcement, and protection of IP rights. These laws ensure that creators, innovators, and businesses enjoy exclusive rights over their intellectual creations, encourage innovation, and safeguard against unauthorized use or infringement. The administration of IP Law in Bangladesh is overseen by multiple government bodies. Trademark, Patent, and Industrial Design registration fall under the Department of Patents, Designs and Trademarks (DPDT), which operates under the Ministry of Industries. Copyright matters are administered by the Copyright Office, functioning under the Ministry of Cultural Affairs. The Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs provides legislative oversight, coordinates IP-related judicial matters, and supports the development of IP regulations in line with international commitments such as the TRIPS Agreement under the World Trade Organization (WTO). In practice, IP protection begins with formal registration of rights. Trademarks are registered by filing applications with DPDT, followed by examination, publication, opposition, and issuance of registration certificates. Patents and industrial designs undergo technical scrutiny, novelty assessment, and administrative review before being granted. Copyright, in contrast, arises automatically upon creation of an original work; however, voluntary registration with the Copyright Office strengthens legal enforceability. Once IP rights are obtained, owners must ensure renewal, maintenance of documentation, and vigilance against unauthorized use. Enforcement of IP rights is supported by a combination of administrative, civil, and criminal remedies. Rights holders may initiate civil suits before the District Judge Court for injunctions, damages, delivery-up of infringing goods, and declarations of ownership. Criminal prosecution is possible under the Trademark Act and Copyright Act for counterfeiting, piracy, and unauthorized reproduction, usually beginning with complaints before Magistrate Courts. Moreover, disputes involving complex questions of law or administrative decisions from DPDT can be challenged before the High Court Division through judicial review. This multi-tiered enforcement structure ensures that IP rights are legally recognized, protected, and enforceable across Bangladesh.